Grapevine bud mite is an important economic pest of grapevines in South Africa, Europe, Russia and Australia. If uncontrolled, losses can be as high as 56%.
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Colonisation of roots by mycorrhizae have numerous benefits.
Mycorrhizae 3
Colonisation of roots by mycorrhizae have numerous benefits.
Mycorrhizae 2
Mycorrhizae are beneficial fungi that colonize plant roots.
Mycorrhizae 1
Bacterial feeding nematodes belonging to the cp-2 class.
They have a short life cycle and are indicators of soil enrichment.
Bacteriovores: Plectidae
Bacterial feeding nematodes that will respond to soil enrichment.
They are however cp-2 organisms and will respond slower than cp-1 organisms like the Rhabditidae and Diplogasteridae.
Bacteriovores: Cephalobidae
Bacterial feeding nematodes that are described as enrichment opportunists.
Similar to the "Rhabditidae", will respond first to enrichment.
Bacteriovores: Diplogasteridae
Bacterial feeding nematodes that are one of the first to respond to a food source.
Bacteriovores: Rhabditidae
Not a common nematode but when present, it can cause devastating damage, even at very low numbers . It is very patchy and is usually found in a coarse, sandy soil.
Stubby root nematode
An obligate plant parasite of citrus and a few other crops, including grapevine. Has been cited as the primary cause of citrus replant disease.